Labo Transdermic 4 Clarifying Anti-Spot Skin Serum is a specific Transdermic Care for dark spots, age spots and sun spots. Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate is a powerful anti-oxidant with a strong clarifying effect; Oligopeptide-68 is a peptide with a whitening effect; Arbutin is a strong inhibitor of melanogenesis; Niacinamide opposes the transfer of melanine up to skin surface and helps even the skin tone; Kojic Acid is a very effective dark spots depigmenting molecule that promotes the tyrosinase enzyme�s inhibition.